Animal model studies demonstrate a relaxation effect on gastrointestinal (GI) tissue, analgesic and anesthetic effects in the central and peripheral nervous system, immunomodulating actions and chemopreventive potential. In vitro, peppermint has significant antimicrobial and antiviral activities, strong antioxidant and antitumor actions, and some antiallergenic potential. The main volatile components of the essential oil are menthol and menthone. The phenolic constituents of the leaves include rosmarinic acid and several flavonoids, primarily eriocitrin, luteolin and hesperidin. Evidence-based research regarding the bioactivity of this herb is reviewed. Peppermint tea, brewed from the plant leaves, and the essential oil of peppermint are used in traditional medicines. Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) is one of the most widely consumed single ingredient herbal teas, or tisanes.

The present article aims to explore traditional Unani and pharmacological activities of this herb reported till date. Numerous experimental and clinical trials have proven ginger for its range of therapeutic activities such as antibacterial, antidiabetic, antiemetic, hypolipidaemic, hepatoprotective etc properties. The phytochemical study of ginger showed the presence of many volatile oils and oleo-resins like gingerol, zinger one, zingiberol etc. It is useful for the treatment of various gastrointestinal, pulmonary, cardiovascular and sexual disorders. It is one of the most common spices, which is in use since centuries for its versatile medicinal actions like antiemetic, stomachic, expectorant, anti-inflammatory, aphrodisiac etc in traditional system of medicine (Unani, Ayurveda, and Chinese medicine). In India, it is cultivated mainly in Kerala, Andhia Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal and Maharashtra. It is widely distributed in tropical Asia.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) belonging to the family Zingiberaceae is a perennial herb.

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